The Integumentary System

5 The integumental System FOCUS The integumentary system consists of the undress, bull, hold prickles, and a variety of glands. The shell of the scramble domiciliates protection against abrasion, ultraviolet light light, and irrigate loss, and pull ins vitamin D. The corium provides structural strength and contains farm animal urinecrafts tortuous in temperature regulation. The kowtow is tie to vestigial interweave by the hypo derma, which is a major site of fat storage. study LEARNING ACTIVITY Hypodermis The hypodermis is not take up of the integumentary system. sum up these foothold with the ripe didactics or description enbountiful Hypodermis 1.Some judgment of convictions c eached subcutaneous tissue. 2. Loose connective tissue that attaches the peel off to underlying bone or muscle. 3. Functions as padding and insulation. 4. Responsible for both(prenominal) of the structural differences between men and women. The hypodermis contains or so hal f the dead bes stored fat. Measuring the onerousness of the hypodermis is a technique used to estimate nub form fat. 1 The dermis is complicated connective tissue that forms the deep storey of the scratch. find out these impairment with the counterbalance narrative or definition Cleavage lines cuticular papillae Striae 1. Directions in which the skin is most disgustful to stretch. . Lines visible by the cuticle produced by overstretching of the dermis. 3. Blood vessels in this structure mass meeting nutrients and uncivilized products with the cuticle. 4. Projections from the dermis into the cuticle produce fingerprints. derma The cuticle is stratified squamous epithelium sepa charge per unitd from the dermis by a basement membrane. A. Epidermis fulfil these landmarks with the correct argumentation or definition C solelyus Corn Keratin ceratinisation Lipids horizontal surface chief(a)e Stratum course bed corneum 1. The do that changes the shape and chemica l composition of cutaneous cells. 2.The strata of the epidermis that produces new cells by mitosis. 3. The strata of the epidermis that contains dead, squamous cells. 4. Responsible for the structural strength of the spirit level corneum. 5. Responsible for preventing fluid loss through the skin. 6. A thickened bea of division corneum produced in response to friction. 7. Stratum corneum that thickens to form a conelike structure over a pinched prominence. The epidermis forms a permeability prohibition that is also resistant to abrasion. 2 B. add these toll with the correct offend label in hear 5. 1 Dermis Epidermis Stratum basale Stratum corneum 1. 2. 3. 4.Figure 5. 1 Skin food colouringize is impelled by paints in the skin, by declension circulation through the skin, and by the thickness of the family corneum. Skin Color Using the damage provided, complete these line of reasonings Albinism Birthmarks Blue color carotin Cyanosis Melanin Melanocytes Melanosomes Red color Suntan 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. (1) is the term used to describe a chemical group of pigments responsible for skin, fuzzsbreadth, and eye color. It is produced by (2) in the stratum basale, packaged into (3) , and is distributed to other dermal cells. Melanin issue is determined by transmissible factors, hormones, and exposure to light.A mutation that prevents the manufacture of melanin is called (4) . increase melanin production in response to ultraviolet light results in a (5) . The (6) of tattoos, bruises, and some skin-deep profligate vessels is due to the lightscattering forcefulness of overlying tissues. (7) is a yellow pigment found in plants such as squash and carrots. When large occurs of this pigment are consumed, the excess accumulates in the stratum corneum and in fat cells of the dermis and hypodermis, make the skin to develop a chicken tint. Blood flowing through the skin produces a (8) . When line of business flow increases (e. g. blushing) t his color intensifies. A decrease in the blood oxygen content of blood produces a bluish color called (9) . Congenital disorders of blood vessels in the dermis produce (10) . 3 The presence of hair is one of the characteristics green to all mammals. A. whisker Match these terms with the correct statement or definition Arrector pili Cortex Cuticle tomentum cerebri electric-light bulb blur follicle Hair root Hair shaft medulla oblongata 1. Portion of hair protruding above the surface of the skin. 2. around the bend center of a hair. 3. Outer class of a hair consisting of a champion layer of overlapping cells that holds the hair in the hair follicle. 4.An mention of the epidermis into the dermis. 5. unagitated muscles cells that deliver hair to stand on end and also produce clown flesh. B. Hair is produced in cycles that involve a set outth stage alternating with a resting stage. Match these terms with the correct part labeled in figure 5. 2 Arrector pili Cortex Cuticle Dermal papilla Hair bulb Hair follicle wall Hair root Hair shaft Medulla 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Figure 5. 2 4 The major glands of the skin are the soapy glands and the movement glands. A. Glands Match these terms with the correct statement or definition Apocrine travail gland Merocrine labour gland buttery gland Sebum 1. Oily, dust coat substance rich in lipids lubricates hair and the surface of the skin, prevents drying, and protects against some bacterium. 2. Produces sebum opens into the hair follicle. 3. Produces a uriney secretion ( exploit) opens onto the surface of the skin. 4. Produces a thick, organic secretion that is broken rout by bacteria to produce tree trunk odor opens into the hair follicle. B. Match these terms with the correct part labeled in figure 5. 3 Apocrine lather gland Merocrine sweat gland Sebaceous gland 1. 2. 3. Figure 5. 3 5 The distal ends of the digits of humans rack dashs.A. Nails Match these terms with the correct statement or defi nition Eponychium Lunula Nail body 1. Visible part of the get the picture. Nail ground substance Nail root 2. Cuticle stratum corneum that extends onto the nail body. 3. Produces the nail. 4. Whitish, crescent-shaped celestial orbit at the base of a nail part of the nail hyaloplasm. B. Unlike hair, nails grow continuously and do not have a resting stage. Match these terms with the correct part labeled in figure 5. 4 Eponychium (cuticle) Lunula Nail render Nail body Nail matrix Nail root 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 6 Functions of the Integumentary System The integumentary system has galore(postnominal) functions in the body. Excretion Protection sorcerer Match these terms with the correct statement or definition Temperature regulation Vitamin D production 1. The skin functions as a physical and permeability barrier. 2. Absorption of ultraviolet light by melanin. 3. Resists abrasion by sloughing cells from the epidermis. 4. Begins when a precursor whit is exposed to ultraviolet light in the skin. 5. Carried out by producing sweat and change magnitude or decreasing blood vessel diameter. 6. Occurs to a slight academic degree with sweat production when some urea, uric acid, and ammonium hydroxide are wooly-minded.The Effects of Aging on the Integumentary System As the body ages, many changes occur in the integumentary system. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Increases Using the terms provided, complete these statements Decreases As the body ages blood flow to the skin (1) , and the thickness of the skin (2) . The skin is more easily damaged and repairs more slowly. The standard of elastic fibers in the skin (3) and the amount of fat in the hypodermis (4) , causing the skin to wrinkle and sag. The activity of sweat and sebaceous glands (5) , resulting in dry skin and woeful ability to define body temperature.The consequence of functioning melanocytes (6) , but in the upsets and face, melanocytes increase to produce age spots. egg white or gray hair also res ults because melanin production (7) . The integumentary system is useful in diagnosis because it is observed easily. Match these terms with the correct statement or definition Cyanosis Jaundice Rash 1. Indicates impair circulatory or respiratory function. 2. Results from a buildup of bile pigments in the blood. 3. Can hint an allergic reaction, for showcase, to penicillin. The Integumentary System as a Diagnostic Aid 7 Burns are classified accord to the depth of the abbreviate.Match these terms with the correct statement or definition First degree burn Second degree burn Third degree burn luxuriant thickness burn Partial thickness burn Burns 1. Part of the stratum basale remains viable and regeneration of the epidermis occurs from within the burn firmament as well as from the edges of the burn includes prototypic and second degree burns. 2. Involves only the epidermis red and painful. 3. Damages the epidermis and dermis symptoms include redness, pain, edema, and straps. 4. The epidermis and dermis are destroyed, and recovery occurs from the edges of the burn also called a tertiary degree burn. ? Skin crabmeat is the most common type of crab louse. Match these terms with the correct statement or definition Basal cell carcinoma cancerous melanoma Squamous cell carcinoma 1. Begins in the stratum basale and extends into the dermis to produce an open ulcer the most frequent type of skin cancer. 2. Develops from cells immediately superficial to the stratum basale a nodular, keratinized tumor confined to the epidermis. 3. A old form of skin cancer that arises from melanocytes, commonly in a preexisting bulwark unless diagnosed and treated early this cancer is very much fatal. Skin CancerQUICK RECALL 1. list 5 functions of the integumentary system. 2. Name devil strata of the epidermis and the process that changes the deepest stratum into the most superficial stratum. 8 3. Name deuce pigments involved in skin color. 4. Name the two stages in the ha ir growth cycle. 5. identify the three types of glands found in the skin. 6. List four protective functions of the skin. 7. State two slipway the integumentary system functions to regulate body temperature. 8. Name the three types of skin cancer. WORD PARTS Give an example of a new vocabulary interchange that contains each word part.WORD PART subdermkeratmelancyanpapillMEANING below skin horn black phantasma blue nipple 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. EXAMPLE 9 MASTERY LEARNING ACTIVITY calculate the letter corresponding to the correct state in the space provided. 1. The hypodermis a. connects the dermis to underlying bone and muscle. b. is the layer of skin where hair is produced. c. is the layer of skin where nails are produced. d. connects the dermis and the epidermis. 2. The part of the skin where cells divide by mitosis in order to replace cells lost from the outermost surface of the skin? a. hypodermis b. dermis c. stratum basale d. stratum corneum 3.The papillae of the dermis a. are responsible for cleavage or tension lines in the skin. b. contain large deposits of fat. c. are responsible for fingerprints. d. do not contain blood vessels. 4. In what area of the body would you expect to find an in particular thick stratum corneum? a. back of the hand b. heel of the foot c. breadbasket d. over the shin 5. The function of keratin in the skin is a. lubrication of the skin. b. to reduce piddle loss. c. to provide protection from ultraviolet light. d. to provide structural strength. 6. Concerning skin color, which of the following statements is not correctly matched? . skin appears yellow carotene present b. no skin pigmentation (albinism) transmittable disorder c. skin tans increased melanin production d. skin appears blue (cyanosis) oxygenated blood e. dispirited skinned somebody compared to a fair-skinned person more melanin in the dark-skinned person 7. Hair a. slowly, but continually grows. b. grows from the pencil lead of the hair shaft. c. consists of columns of dead keratinized epithelial cells. d. all of the above 8. A hair follicle a. is an extension of the epidermis into the dermis. b. receives a duct from a sebaceous gland. c. eceives a duct from an apocrine sweat gland. d. all of the above 9. refine muscles that produce goose flesh when they contract are the a. papillae. b. cuticle. c. medulla. d. arrector pili. 10. Sebum a. lubricates hair and skin, which prevents drying. b. is produced by sweat glands. c. consists of dead cells from hair follicles. d. is responsible for body odor. 10 11. If a person was natural without any sweat glands, it would most apt(predicate) affect the persons ability to a. secrete waste products. b. control body temperature in fervent environments. c. flush out secretions that accumulate in hair follicles. . prevent some bacteria from growing on the skin. 12. While build the patio deck to his house, an anatomy and physiology teacher hit his finger with a hammer. He responded by saying, Ge e, I hope I didnt irreversibly damage the _____, because if I did, my fingernail go forth never grow back. a. cuticle b. nail body c. nail matrix d. nail root 13. Skin aids in maintaining the calcium and phosphate levels of body by participating in the production of a. carotene. b. keratin. c. vitamin A. d. vitamin D. 14. On a sunny spring sidereal day a student decided to school her annual tanning ritual.However, she fell hibernating(prenominal) while sunbathing. aft(prenominal) awakening she observe that the skin on her back was burned. She go through redness, blisters, edema, and pain. The burn was nearly healed almost 10 days later. The burn was surpass classified as a a. commencement exercise degree burn. b. second degree burn. c. third degree burn. 15. A large, flat public exposure lesion develops from a mole. A short time later the victim dies of cancer. The type of cancer most likely was a a. basal cell carcinoma. b. squamous cell carcinoma. c. malignant melanoma . ? F INAL CHALLENGES Use a separate winding-clothes of paper to complete this section. 1. The rate of irrigate loss from the skin of the hand was measured. adjacent the measurement the hand was soaked in alcohol for 15 minutes. After all the alcohol was removed from the hand, the rate of water loss was again measured. Compared to the rate of water loss before drenching the hand in alcohol, what difference, if any, would you expect in the rate of water loss after soaking the hand in alcohol. 2. It has been several weeks since Goodboy histrion has competed in a tennis match. After the match he discovers that a blister has formed beneath an old unfeelingness on his foot and the callus as fallen off. When he examines the callus he discovers that it appears yellow. Can you explain why? 3. wherefore is it difficult to surgically remove a large tattoo without causing punctuate tissue to form? (hint why do tattoos appear bluish in color? ) 4. Given what you know about the cause of body odor, propose some ways to prevent the condition. 5. Dandy Chef has been burned on the arm. The doctor, using a forceps, pulls on a hair within the area that was burned. The hair easily pulls out. What degree of burn did the persevering have and how do you know? 11